Infeção por Vírus Chikungunya: Revisão para Clínicos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24950/Revisao/177/19/1/2020Palavras-chave:
Febre de Chikungunya, Vírus ChikungunyaResumo
O vírus Chikungunya é um alfavírus re-emergente que tem como vetor mosquitos do género Aedes. É endémico em África e, nos últimos anos, propagou-se para o Oceano Índico, Ásia e Américas, onde causou vários grandes surtos. Desde 2007 têm-se verificado pequenos surtos com transmissão autóctone no sul da Europa, dada a expansão do Aedes albopictus para este território. Causa doença aguda caracterizada por febre, cefaleia, exantema e artralgia. A artralgia pode progredir e tornar-se persistente. As manifestações atípicas, severas, mas raras, incluem patologia do sistema nervoso central. Está associada a morbilidade por persistência da artralgia, e a mortalidade. O diagnóstico é feito por reação em cadeia da polimerase ou por pesquisa de anticorpos IgM e IgG. Não existe terapêutica antiviral eficaz, sendo recomendado tratamento de suporte para alívio sintomático. As estratégias de controlo do vetor são o único método disponível para controlar os mosquitos do género Aedes em meio urbano.
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