Carcinoma espino e basocelular etiologia e patogénese
Palavras-chave:
carcinoma basocelular, carcinoma espinocelular, etiopatogénese, radiação ultravioletaResumo
O carcinoma basocelular (CBC) é a neopla sia maligna mais comum no Homem. O carcinoma espinocelular (CEC), também frequente, tem um comportamento biológico mais agressivo. A radiação ultravioleta (RUV) é, do ponto de vista epidemiológico, o mais importante factor extrínseco na carcinogénese do CEC e CBC no Homem. Doentes de fotótipos baixos têm maior incidência destas neoplasias, que surgem sobretudo em áreas expostas. A exposição solar na infância pode ser importante. Experimentalmente está confirmado o potencial carcinogénico da RUV. Outros tipos de radiação, substâncias químicas e vírus também podem estar implicados na etiopatogénese destas neoplasias, que se encontra longe de completamente esclarecida. Não parece haver um mecanismo único responsável pela transformação de um queratinócito normal diferenciado numa célula maligna com potencial de invadir e metastizar, e a forma como essa transformação ocorre é, em grande parte, desconhecida.
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