Microbiological and clinical significance of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from blood cultures
Keywords:
Estafilococos coagulase-negativa, hemocultura, infeções relacionadas a cateteres, bacteremiaAbstract
Over the last few years, a gradual change of the microorganisms causing nosocomial infections has been described. Gram-negative bacilli, which were formerly the main microorganisms causing intra-hospital infections, have been replaced by gram-positive cocci, essentially Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS). The increasing number of staphylococcal infections, especially those associated with the use of peripheral or central venous catheters, by the increase in parenteral nutrition and by the use of pacemakers and prosthetic materials poses an important challenge to the treating physician. Since most of these infections are associated with bacteremia and septicemia, blood cultures are one of the most valuable complementary methods for a quick diagnosis. We will review the most useful microbiological parameters that can be applied when interpreting a blood culture isolate (especially if a CNS is isolated). We will also briefly explain the different causes of catheter-related bacteremia and the different rates of contamination and infection associated with the various percutaneous intravascular devices.
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