Nailfold Videocapillaroscopy: A Department’s Experience

Abstract

Introduction: Nailfold videocapillaroscopy is a non-invasive technique aimed to study microcirculation. This exam is an additional tool in the management of the patient with microcirculation changes, mostly in cases due to suspected autoimmune disease.

Methods: First 101 patients undergoing nailfold videocapillaroscopy in our hospital over an 18-month period, using a digital videocapillaroscope.

Results: One hundred and one patients, 85% women, average age 50 years. The main reason for referencing was Raynaud´s phenomenon (93%). Capillaroscopic evaluation was suggestive of primary Raynaud´s phenomenon in 28 patients and secondary in 65.

Discussion: The results described, although in a small sample, allow to reinforce the usefulness of nailfold videocapillaroscopy in the evaluation of patients with suspected microcirculatory dysfunction, especially in the context of autoimmune pathology. The early identification of individuals with a higher risk of progression to autoimmune disease will allow to optimize their follow-up, with regular surveillance, easy access to the medical team for an early detection of symptoms and regular laboratory evaluation.

Conclusion: Nailfold videocapillaroscopy is an accessible and low-cost exam, which contributes together with laboratory results for the early identification of individuals with secondary Raynaud´s phenomenon. The future development of this technique may represent a predictor of disease progression.