Statins and microalbuminuria
Keywords:
microalbuminuria, statins, dyslipidaemia, nephropathyAbstract
Microalbuminuria is at present considered an indicator of cardiovascular risk, often occurring associated with other cardiovascular risk factors and might be the renal marker for an
increased endothelial permeability that accompanies the atherogenic process. According to
some studies, the prevalence of microalbuminuria in the general population ranges from 3.8
to 14.6%, being higher in diabetic and/or hypertensive individuals.
Histopathological and experimental evidence suggest that dyslipidaemia can initiate and
contribute to the progression of nephropathy, with mechanisms similar to those involved in
atherosclerosis; on the other hand, urinary albumin loss may lead to a rise in lipoprotein plasmatic levels.
Lipid lowering therapy with statins has been
shown to reduce cardiovascular risk and also to improve endothelial function. Animal and in
vitro experiments have demonstrated beneficial effects of these drugs in several models of
nephropathy, including reductions in urinary
protein excretion. Some studies conducted in patients with abnormal excretion of urinary
protein support the hypothesis that reno-protective effects also occur in humans; however,
the field is still open for investigation in this
area, particularly the effect of statins in the reduction of microalbuminuria.
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