Demographic Characterization, Clinical Course and Risk Factors for Mortality of Adult Inpatients with COVID-19: A Single-Centre Experience from the First Outbreak in Portugal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24950/O/30/21/2/2021Keywords:
COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Demography, Mortality, Portugal, Risk FactorsAbstract
Introduction: Clinical characteristics of Portuguese inpatients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are scarce. We aim to describe the demographic characteristics, clinical course and outcomes of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and to analyze risk factors for in-hospital mortality.
Material and Methods: Ambispective cohort study of adult COVID-19 patients admitted to a Portuguese tertiary hospital between March and August 2020. Asymptomatic, pregnant and all patients admitted due to social reasons were excluded.
Results: Of the 432 admitted patients, 279 individuals were included. The median age was 69 years and 57% were male. The most common comorbidities were high blood pressure (66.3%), dyslipidemia (33.3%), diabetes (27.1%) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) (26.5%). The most common symptoms included fever (74.4%), cough (67.0%) and dyspnea (59.9%). Ferritin, C-reactive protein and D-dimer levels were elevated in 86.3%, 74.8% and 73.9% of patients, respectively. Mortality rate was 17.3%. 32.3% of the patients developed acute respiratory distress syndrome, 31.9% were admitted to intensive care unit and 20.8% were ventilated. In multivariable analysis, age (OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.01–1.09, p=0.023), CVD (OR 2.68, 95% CI 1.21–5.93, p=0.015) and lymphocyte count <0.5x109/L (OR 6.61, 95% CI 2.23–19.62, p=0.001) were risk factors for in-hospital mortality.
Discussion: Our demographics, clinical and severity outcomes are in-line with international reports. Compared to other European countries, our less expressive in-hospital mortality rate might reflect a modestly controlled first outbreak in our country.
Conclusion: This single-center study provides data on the clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Portugal.
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