Severe malaria in the intensive care unit
Keywords:
Malaria, Plasmodium falciparum, ARDS, Renal Failure, ICUAbstract
Objective: To review the clinical profile and therapy instituted for patients with severe
malaria admitted to an intensive care unit (UCI).
Design: retrospective study.
Population: Nine patients with Plasmodium falciparum malaria admitted between July 1991
and August 2001 to the ICU of Santo António dos Capuchos Hospital (HSAC).
Results: Cerebral symptoms, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and renal failure
were the most frequent complications. Mechanical ventilation, dialysis and vasoactive support
were necessary in five, two and three patients respectively. Mortality rate was 22.2% (2
patients).
Conclusion: As Plasmodium falciparum malaria is a potentially life-threatening disease, risk
factors should be identified and reliable criteria for ICU admission defined. The presence of
organ failure: cerebral symptoms, renal and/or respiratory failure should be considered
indications for intensive care admission.
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