Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: An Update on Screening and Therapeutic Options
Doença Hepática Esteatótica Associada a Disfunção Metabólica: Uma Atualização do Rastreio e Opções Terapêuticas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24950/rspmi.2522Keywords:
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Fatty Liver, Metabolic Syndrome, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseAbstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is one of the most common forms of chronic liver disease, particularly associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The prevalence has been increasing in recent years, currently affecting around 25% of the world's population. The hallmark of its pathophysiology lies in insulin resistance and the accumulation of fat inside hepatocytes. Several clinical scores allow cost-effective screening, such as FIB-4 and NFS. Although it is considered the gold standard, liver biopsy can often be avoided by using hepatic elastography. Numerous drugs used in diabetes have therapeutic potential in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, with the most studied class being GLP-1 receptor agonists. The bidirectional pathophysiological association between metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and diabetes will enable the development of this field and the emergence of new therapies
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