Adequação dos fármacos antimaláricos na quimioprofilaxia e tratamento da malária em países não endémicos
Palavras-chave:
Fármacos antimaláricos, interacções medicamentosas, efeitos adversosResumo
A malária, apesar de ser uma das principais doenças parasitárias
do homem, contribuindo para a elevada taxa de mortalidade nos
países em que a transmissão é endémica, não tem actualmente
grande expressão na Europa. No entanto, a existência de casos
importados de malária em imigrantes ou em turistas de países
com transmissão endémica, obriga a um conhecimento das características dos fármacos antimaláricos e dos novos esquemas
terapêuticos.
Neste artigo efectuou-se uma revisão sobre a quimioprofilaxia
e o tratamento antimalárico nos casos de malária importada
em Portugal, abordando a farmacodinâmica, as interacções
medicamentosas e os principais efeitos adversos dos fármacos antimaláricos.
Downloads
Referências
Baudon D. aspects épidémiologiques des paludismes en Afrique sub-saharienne. Bull. Men. Soc Med Paris 1987; IV: 3-5.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Heath Information for International travel 1996. HHS publication no. (CDC) 97-8280. Washington DC, US Department of health and Human Services 1996.
Murphy GS et al. Vivax malaria resistant to treatment and prophylaxis with chloroquine. Lancet 1993; 341:96-100.
Chukwuemeka SO. Management of HIV-Infected Pregnant Patients in Malaria-endemic Areas: Therapeutic and Safety Considerations in Concomitant Use of Antiretroviral and Antimalarial Agents. Clinical Therapeutics 1999; 21(9): 1456-1496.
Salako LA, Walker O, Iyun AO. Pharmacokinetics of chloroquine in renal insufficiency. Afr J Med Sci 1984; 13: 177-182.
Navy Environmental Health Center. Navy Medical Department Pocket Guide to Malaria Prevention and Control. NEHC-TM PM 62501. Norfolk. September 2000:56-57.
Bindschedler M, Lefèvre G, Ezzet F et al. Cardiac effects of co-artemether (artemether/lumefantrine) and mefloquine given alone or in combination to healthy volunteers. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2000; 56: 375-381.
ABPI Compendium of Data Sheets and Summaries of Product Characteristics (1996-97). London: DataPharm Publications Ltd pp. 901-902 (mefloquine).
Baune B, Furlan V, Taburet, Farinotti R. Effect of selected antimalarial drugs and inhibitors of cytochrome P-450 3A4 on halofantrine metabolism by human liver microsomes. Drug and Metabolism and disposition Vol 27(5): 565–568.
Philips-Howard PA, Wood D. The safety of antimalarial drugs in pregnancy. Drug safety 1996; 14: 131–145.
Smoak BL, Writer JV, Keep LW et al. The effects of inadvertent exposure of mefloquine ghemoprophylaxis on pregnancy outcomes and infants of US Army service women. J Infect Dis 1997; 176: 831–833.
The use of Antimalarial Drugs. Report of an Informal Consultation, WHO, Geneva, 13-17 November 2000; WHO/CDS/RBM/2001.33: 58.
White NJ. Malaria. In: Cook GC, eds. Manson’s Tropical Diseases. Twentieth edition. London: WB Saunders Company 1996:1087-1164.
Brasseur P, Kouamouo J, Moyou-Somo R, et al. Multi-drug resistant falciparum malaria in Cameroon in 1987-1988: I. Stable figures of porevalence of chloroquine and quinine-resistent isolates in the original foci. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1992; 46: 1-7.
Krishna S, White NJ. Pharmacokinetics of quinine, chloroquine and amodiaquine clinical implications. Clin Pharmacokinet 1996 ; 30 (4): 263-299.
Griffin JP. Drug interactions with antimalarial agents. Adverse Drug React Toxicol Rev 1999; 18(1): 25-43.
Koley AP, Robinson RC, Markowitz A and Friedman FK. Drug interactions: Effect of quinidine on nifedipine binding to human cytochrome P450 3A4. Toxicology 1997; 104:1-8.
Karbwang J, Harinasuta T. Overview: Clinical pharmacology of antimalarials. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 1992; 23 (4): 95–109.
Zhao KC, Chen ZX, Lin BL, Guo XB, Li GQ. Studies on the phase 1 clinical pharmacokinetics of artesunate and artemether. Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 1988; 4: 76-81.
Murinello A, Germano N, Brás S, Nunes J, et al. Anti-malaria treatment in non-endemic area: Effectiveness and security of quinine+doxicicline versus halofantrine. 3th European Congress on Tropical Medicine and International Health. Lisbon, September 2002 [Abstract P186].
Karbwang J et al. Cardiac effect of halofantrine. Lancet 1993; 342: 501.
Committee on Safety of Medicines. Current Problems in Pharmacovigilance 1996; 22:1.
Thomas M et al. The dilemma of the prolonged QT interval in early drug studies. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1996;41: 77–81.
ABPI Compendium of Data Sheets and Summaries of Product Characteristics (1996-97). London: DataPharm Publications Ltd pp. 172-173 (sotalol).
ABPI Compendium of Data Sheets and Summaries of Product Characteristics (1996-97). London: DataPharm Publications Ltd pp. 1094 (halofantrine).
Milton KA, Edwards G, Ward SA, Orme MLE, Breckenridge AM. Pharmacokinetics of halofantrine in man: effects of food and dose size. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1989; 28: 71-77.
Sin DD, Shafran SD. Dapsone and primaquine induced metahemoglobinemia in HIV-infected individuals. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol 1996; 12: 477–481
Ficheiros Adicionais
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Secção
Licença
Este trabalho encontra-se publicado com a Licença Internacional Creative Commons Atribuição 4.0.
Direitos de Autor (c) 2023 Medicina Interna
Acesso livre
