Anemia das doenças crónicas
Palavras-chave:
anemia, doença crónica, macrófagos, interleuquinas, patogenia, eritropoietinaResumo
Os autores revêem e discutem os progressos e conceitos actuais de um grupo de anemias que acompanham uma variedade de doenças crónicas e, por isso, é denominado "Anemia das Doenças Crónicas".
O interesse deste tipo de anemias advém do facto de ser a principal causa de anemia em doentes hospitalizados e do seu tratamento passar pela resolução da doença subjacente.
O principal mecanismo patogénico é o bloqueio na reutilização do ferro hematínico, que é provocado pela libertação de interleuquinas e outros mediadores de inflamação, em resposta à lesão tecidular crónica.
Em termos de diagnóstico diferencial, o problema coloca-se com a anemia por défice de ferro, da qual deve ser distinguida, dadas as diferentes condutas terapêuticas.
Analizaremos, ainda, as possibilidades terapêuticas da eritropoietina.
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