Intoxicação Paralisante por Marisco: Uma Síndrome Rara com Recorrência Decadal?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24950/rspmi/Revisao/96/19/4/2019Palavras-chave:
Actividade Solar, Dinoflagelados, Intoxicação por Mariscos, Paralisia, Toxinas MarinhasResumo
A intoxicação paralisante por marisco é uma síndroma rara
em Portugal, coincidente com o consumo de bivalves que se
alimentaram de microalgas tóxicas da espécie Gymnodinium
catenatum. É caracterizada por sintomas marcadamente neurológicos, como parestesias, fala incoerente, ataxia, dispneia,
apneia, e que podem culminar na morte por paralisia respiratória. Para evitar a ocorrência desta síndrome, a monitorização
periódica das biotoxinas intoxicação paralisante por marisco
é obrigatória antes de os bivalves serem colhidos para comercialização. No entanto, o desconhecimento ou desrespeito das
proibições de colheita têm originado intoxicações esporádicas que requereram internamento hospitalar. Desde há várias
décadas que a ocorrência de contaminação elevada destas
biotoxinas em bivalves da Costa Atlântica Ibérica tem ocorrido
em intervalos aproximadamente decadais. Estes anos de toxicidade muito elevada têm sido coincidentes com anos em que
a actividade solar (derivada do ciclo de manchas solares de 11
anos) está no seu mínimo. A sazonalidade desta contaminação
é mais grave no outono, e os internamentos hospitalares conhecidos também têm ocorrido no outono.
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