Profiling and Case Study of Patients in a Diabetology Visit

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the 21st century’s greatest challenges in health. The authors aimed to
characterize a group of patients with DM and to analyze their
vascular risk factors, metabolic profile, and the therapeutic
strategies used.
Material and Methods: In this retrospective observational
study, 300 patients with DM who had been followed in Diabetology visits for three years were randomly included. Data
were collected in the first and last visit in that period, using Sclínico®. Excel® and SPSS® were used for the statistical
analysis.
Results: The median age of the patients was 65 years, 61.7%
were male, and 83.3% had been diagnosed with type 2 DM.
During the analyzed period, the median hemoglobin A1C decreased from 8.2% to 7.2%, with a stable body-mass index,
and the antidiabetic therapy was intensified. Regarding the
remaining vascular risk factors, 72.7% of the patients had
arterial hypertension, 62.7% had dyslipidemia, 42.7% were
obese, 38.7% were sedentary, and 9.3% were smokers.
Moreover, 83% of the patients had LDL> 70 mg/dL. The most
common macrovascular complication was coronary heart
disease (14.0%), the most frequent microvascular complication was nephropathy (30.7%) and globally, the median
creatinine clearance was of 84.3 mL/min. The median global
cardiovascular risk was high (27.7%), even though 77.0% of
the patients were taking hypolipidemic drugs, 72.6% antihypertensive drugs, 41.3% anti-platelet aggregation drugs,
and 4.0% oral anticoagulation drugs.
Conclusion: The patient’s metabolic profile showed a favorable progression, with the intensification and adjustment of
antidiabetic therapies playing an important role.