Óleos de peixe e aterosclerose
Palavras-chave:
óleos de peixe, ácidos gordos omega 3, ácido eicosapentanóico, ateroscleroseResumo
Estudos epidemiológicos demonstram uma signi ficativa correlação inversa entre o consumo de peixe e a doença aterosclerótica. Fracção importante dos óleos de peixe, os ácidos gordos omega 3, par ticularnente o ácido eicosapentanóico, parecem ser os mediadores dessa acção, que seria consequên cia de vários efeitos metabólicos, nomeadamente:
1) actividade hipolipemiante, diminuindo a síntese de triglicerídeos; 2) antiagregante plaquetar, devido à síntese de tromboxano A3 em detrimento do A2; 3) anti-inflamatória, pela diminuição da síntese de leucotrieno B4, um potente agente quimiotático de neutrófilos e monócitos, e aumento da síntese de leucotrieno B5; 4) antitrombótica, reduzindo os níveis de PAI-1 efibrinogénio; 5) melhoria da per fusão dos tecidos. O consumo de concentrados de óleos de peixe parece ser praticamente inócuo, com a hipotética excepção dos diabéticos, na medida em que poderá piorar o controlo glicémico.
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