Hansen’s Disease- a disease being eradicated?
Keywords:
Leprosy, Mycobacteriosis, Mycobacterium lepraeAbstract
Leprosy is an ancient chronic granulomatous disease caused by
Mycobacterium leprae. Prevalence varies greatly from country to
country and it represents an important public health problem in
developing countries. Despite the efforts of the WHO to eradicate
this disease, it has a prevalence greater than 1/10,000 in one
group of fifteen countries, led by India and Brazil.
Clinical features are skin lesions and sensory and/or motor
peripheral neuropathy with varying presentations and impairment evolving to characteristic deformities and disability if not
treated.
We report two clinical cases of two females with leprosy, whose
diagnosis was made in the same year and region. A lepromatous
and a borderline form, each of them with particularities and diagnostic difficulties, delayed starting treatment. One had a history
of residence in Brazil but the other had no contact with endemic
areas or other known risks.
The authors present a systematic revision of the disease,
reporting the prevalence in Portugal of leprosy in the last seven years.
Downloads
References
Robert R Jacobson, MD, PhD James L Krahenbuhl, PhD Leo Yoder, MD. Overview of Leprosy. UpToDate® Online 15.2. www.uptodate.com.
Saurat J-H, Grosshans E, Laugier P, Lachapelle J-M (eds.). Dermatologie et infections sexuellement transmissibles, 4ª ed, Masson, Paris 2004 :169-178.
Bolognia JL, Jorizzo JL, Rapini RP (eds.). Dermatology, 1ª ed, Mosby 2003: 1145-1152.
Warwick J Britton, Diana NJ Lockwood. Leprosy. The Lancet 2004; 363: 1209-1219.
Visschedijk J, van de Broek J, Eggens H, Lever P, van Beers S, Klatser P. Mycobacterium leprae-millenium resistant! Leprosy controlo in the threshold of a new era. Trop Med Int Health 2000; 5: 388-399.
Freedberg IM, Eisen AZ, Wolff K, Austen KF, Goldsmith LA, Katz SI (eds.) Fitzpatrick`s Dermatology in General Medicine, 6th ed, Mc Graw Hill
:1962-1971.
World Health Organization (1991) World Health Assembly – Resolution WHA 44.9. WHO, Geneva.
World Health Organization (1998b) Progress towards leprosy elimination. Weekly Epidemiological record 73: 153-160.
Doenças de Declaração Obrigatória 1996-2000 – Regiões e Sub-Regiões de Saúde no Continente e Regiões Autónomas. Direcção de Serviços de Informação e Análise. Divisão de Epidemiologia. Direcção-Geral de Saúde. Lisboa 2001.
Marcelo Grossi Araújo. Hanseníase no Brasil. Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical 2003; 36: 373-382.
Courtright P, Daniel E, Sundarrao PSS, et al. Eye disease in multibacillary leprosy patients at the time of their leprosy diagnosis: findings from the longitudinal Study of Ocular Leprosy (LOSOL) in India, the Philippines and Ethiopia. Lepr Rev 2002; 73: 225-238.
Como reconhecer e tratar reacções hansénicas. Guia didáctico de Lepra 2.The International Federation of Anti-Leprosy Associations Action Group. ILEP 2002. London.
Rose P, Waters MF. Reversal reactions in leprosy and their management. Lepr Rev 1991; 62:113-121.
Guerra JG, Penna GO, de Castro LC, Martelli CM, Stefani MM. Erythema nodosum leprosum: clinical and therapeutic up-date. An Bras Dermatol 2002; 77: 389-407.
Moschella SL. An update on the diagnosis and treatment of leprosy. JAAD 2004; 51: 417-426.
WHO Study group on chemotherapy of leprosy for control programmes. Chemotherapy of leprosy for control programmes: report of a WHO study group. Geneva: World Health Organization; 1982.
Bhattacharya SN, Sehgal VN. Reappraisal of the drifting scenario of leprosy multi-drug therapy: new approach proposed for the new millennium. Int J Dermatol 2002; 41: 321-326.
Karonga Prevention Trial Group. Trial of BCG vaccine for protection against tuberculosis and leprosy in Karonga District, Malawi. Lancet 1996; 348: 17-24.
Esteves JA, Poiares Baptista A, Guerra Rodrigo F, Marques Gomes MA (eds.). Dermatologia, 2ª ed, Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, Lisboa 1992: 1211-1231
Additional Files
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2023 Medicina Interna